What Does a Vasectomy Do?

A vasectomy is a minor surgical procedure designed to provide permanent contraception for men. Here’s a closer look at the procedure:

Procedure Overview:

• Surgical Method: During the procedure, the vas deferens (the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra) are cut, sealed, and blocked using the most effective technique – fascial interposition and cautery. The vas deferens is a tube that carries sperm from the testicle to the penis; transporting sperm is the ONLY function of this tube. Blocking transport prevents sperm originating in the testicle from mixing with prostate fluids during ejaculation of semen. The procedure is usually performed using a local anesthetic, ensuring your comfort throughout. It is an outpatient procedure, typically performed in a clinic or doctor’s office. The no scalpel method is a minimally invasive technique that uses a small puncture in the skin of the scrotum instead of a traditional incision to reduce bleeding at the skin opening. The skin of the scrotum is stretched or punctured during the procedure, and the area is thoroughly cleaned to reduce infection risk. The scrotum should be cleaned before surgery, and the hair shaved down over the front of the sac. It is important to avoid blood thinners before the procedure to reduce the risk of bleeding (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen). Vasectomy is often compared to tubal ligation (BTL) as permanent birth control options but the benefits and risk are clearly in favor of vasectomy. 
  • Comparative analyses indicate that BTL is 10–37 times more likely to fail than vasectomy, and major complications are 20 times more likely with BTL; procedure-related mortality is also higher with BTL (12-fold increase).
• What Happens After: After vasectomy, semen ejaculated will not contain sperm, but men will still ejaculate semen as before due to prostate fluid being unaffected. The body absorbs any remaining sperm in the reproductive tract after the procedure. We recommend 3 months after vasectomy to collect semen samples for post-vasectomy analysis; other forms of contraception should be used until a semen analysis confirms the absence of sperm, as vasectomy does not immediately prevent pregnancy. The vas tube will still carry “live ammo” downstream of the operative site. Until all of these “rounds are shot off”, men are shooting active sperm – you just will not be able to “reload” with live sperm from the testicle after 3 months and 15+ orgasms. 

Recovery:

• Post-Procedure Care: After the procedure, patients are advised to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a few days. An ice pack can help reduce swelling and discomfort. Bleeding is a rare but possible complication.

What to Expect After the Procedure

• Return to work: For men with a pure desk job, they can return to work after 3 days. If the job involves frequent walking, climbing, driving or lifting, then return to work can occur after 7 days. 
• Long-Term Effects: Most men report no significant changes in sexual function, libido, or orgasm after a vasectomy.

How Long is a Vasectomy Procedure?

The duration of a vasectomy procedure is relatively short:

1. Time Required: The procedure typically takes about 15 to 20 minutes to complete. However, the entire appointment may take longer due to pre-operative preparation and post-operative recovery time.
2. Recovery Time: Patients will be released to return home the same day after a brief observation period. It’s required to have someone drive you home, as any patient rarely can be dizzy or lightheaded after having the procedure. 

Post-Procedure Recovery

• Initial Recovery: Most men can resume light activities within a few days. However, it is recommended to avoid heavy lifting, vigorous exercise, or sexual activity for at least a week to allow for proper healing.
• Signs of Complications: Although complications are rare, it’s important to monitor for signs of infection, excessive swelling, or persistent pain. If any concerning symptoms arise, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Conclusion

A vasectomy is a safe, effective, and permanent form of contraception for men. It is essential to consider your options carefully and consult with a healthcare provider to understand the procedure fully. Addressing concerns regarding age, prostate cancer, erectile dysfunction, and the procedure itself can help you make an informed decision. Remember, open communication with your partner and healthcare provider is crucial in navigating this significant step in family planning.

If you have any further questions or concerns about vasectomy or would like to schedule a consultation, don’t hesitate to reach out to Treasure Valley Family Medicine.